West Berlin Police 80s West Berlin 80s Fashion
| Berlin Law Polizei Berlin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bureau overview | |
| Formed | 25 March 1809 |
| Employees | 25,153 (2017)[1] |
| Annual budget | €ane.545 billion (2019)[ii] |
| Jurisdictional construction | |
| Operations jurisdiction | Berlin |
 | |
| Location of Berlin shown in Federal republic of germany | |
| Size | 891.85 km² |
| Population | 3,754,418 (2019) |
| Governing torso | Senate of Berlin |
| Constituting instruments |
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| General nature |
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| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Platz der Luftbrücke six 12101 Berlin |
| Agency executive |
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| Facilities | |
| Cars | two,500 |
| Website | |
| Official website | |
Berlin police during May 1929 riots, aka Blutmai.
Polizeipräsidium, main entry (2011).
Law helicopter over Berlin (2012).
The Berlin Police (German: Polizei Berlin , formerly Der Polizeipräsident in Berlin, "The Police President in Berlin") is the Landespolizei force for the city-state of Berlin, Germany. Law enforcement in Germany is divided between federal and country (Land) agencies.
The Berlin Police is headed by the Polizeipräsident (Chief of Police), Dr. Barbara Slowik. Her deputy is Police Vice-Primary Marco Langner. They are supported in the management of the force by the Staff Role of the Police Primary, the commanders of the five Local Divisions, the Division for Central Tasks, the Criminal Investigation Department, and the Central Services Sectionalisation and the University of Police force.
History [edit]
The Royal Prussian Police of Berlin was founded on 25 March 1809, with Justus Gruner every bit the first chief of police.
In March 1848, Berlin was one of the places where the Revolution of 1848 took identify (also called the March Revolution). At this time, just a small number of police officers (approx. 200 officers for 400,000 citizens) with limited authority, the so-called Revierpolizei (literally "police station police"), existed. To fight the revolution, the chief of police, constabulary commissioner Dr. Julius Freiherr von Minutoli, asked the Prussian Ground forces for assist. They sent two guard cavalry regiments (the Regiment Gardes du Corps cuirassiers, and the 1. Garde-Dragoner Regiment Königin Victoria von Großbritannien und Irland dragoons), and three guard infantry regiments (the ane. und 2. Garderegiment zu Fuss, and the Kaiser Alexander Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Nr.1). Approximately 230 citizens were shot or killed by sabers, considering the baby-sit troops had orders to immer feste druff ("strike them difficult"). After a couple of days, the troops withdrew and a militia (Bürgerwehr) with a force of 20,000 men was founded. In short, the militia was worthless.
Soon after the revolution, Male monarch Frederick William IV of Prussia founded the Königliche Schutzmannschaft zu Berlin in June 1848. It was the beginning modern law force in Germany from the viewpoint of and then and today. It consisted of 1 Oberst (colonel), 5 Hauptleuten (captains), 200 Wachtmeister (sergeants) and 1,800 Schutzleute (officers), 40 of them mounted.
After the German Revolution of 1918-19 at the end of Earth War I, the police brutal under the command of the far-left USPD political leader Emil Eichhorn. However, the government of the Free State of Prussia voted to replace him with the Majority Social Democrat Eugen Ernst, an event which led to the Spartacist uprising of 1919.[three] [4] Nether the Weimar Commonwealth, the Berlin Police was ofttimes more than willing to suppress far-left paramilitary groups such every bit the Communist Party of Germany'due south Roter Frontkämpferbund than right-wing ones such equally the NSDAP'southward Sturmabteilung or the German National People'due south Party's Der Stahlhelm.[three] In May 1929, the Berlin Police suppressed a Communist International Worker'due south Day demonstration in Blutmai.[5] Later on seizing command of Prussia in the 1932 Preußenschlag, Franz von Papen dismissed Police Chief Albert Grzesinski for his Social Autonomous loyalties and replaced him with Kurt Melcher, with the political police force department falling under the control of Rudolf Diels.[3]
After Adolf Hitler'due south rise to power and the beginning of the Gleichschaltung in 1933, political dissidents and Jews were dismissed from the service through the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Ceremonious Service.[6] Diels' Berlin political constabulary, too every bit other the Prussian Hugger-mugger Police, were merged into the Gestapo under Hermann Göring'southward command.[3] Göring as well issued an club to police force forces in Prussia, including Berlin, recognizing right-wing paramilitaries such as the SS, the SA, and Der Stahlhelm equally Hilfspolizei with authorisation to help constabulary arrest and harass political dissidents and imprison them in concentration camps. The Berlin Police were placed under the authority of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorff, a fanatical erstwhile SA-Obergruppenführer.[six] The Nazi regime won the support of the Berlin Law by praising police in official propaganda.[6]
In 1936, the Berlin police force forcefulness was dissolved, like all other German language police forces, and captivated into the Ordnungspolizei (Orpo). The Orpo was established every bit a centralized organisation uniting the municipal, urban center, and rural uniformed forces that had been organised on a land-by-state ground. Eventually, the Orpo captivated virtually all of the Tertiary Reich's police force enforcement and emergency response organisations, including burn brigades, coast guard, civil defense force, and fifty-fifty night watchmen. It was under the overall command of Heinrich Himmler.[7] In Berlin later the passage of Nuremberg Laws, the Berlin Orpo helped segregate Jews through heavy-handed enforcement of traffic laws. They also assisted the SA in the Kristallnacht pogrom.[6]
During the Centrolineal occupation of Berlin, the Soviet Marriage and the Communist Socialist Unity Political party of Frg took command of the Berlin Police, and the politicization of the police led to three-quarters of the law to switch to a new dominance in Due west Berlin. Police force brutality by Due east Berlin Law against the Berlin city council and anti-Communist demonstrators in East Berlin led to the formal sectionalisation of the city.[8] After the autumn of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the reunification of Germany (1990), the Due west Berlin police, with 20,000 employees, and the East Berlin police, with 12,000 employees, were merged under the direction of the Due west Berlin chief Georg Schertz.[9] Approximately 2,300 officers changed assignments from the W to the East, and approximately 2,700 from the Due east to the West. About 9,600 E Berlin officers were checked for being possible collaborators of the MfS (Stasi). viii,544 of them were cleared, while 1,056 were not. Approximately 2,000 were retired or resigned on their own.
The law on the Freiwillige Polizei-Reserve Berlin [ten] (volunteer police reserve) of 25 May 1961 in W Berlin created a paramilitary organization to protect important infrastructure like power plants and drinking water supplies. Since the 1980s, it became more than of a co-operative in which citizens were able to voluntarily support the Schupo in daily service. It was disbanded in 2002.
Constabulary chiefs [edit]
List of police chiefs since 1809:
1809–1920 [edit]
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Greater Berlin: 1920–1948 [edit]
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Divided Berlin: 1948–1990 [edit]
| West Berlin:
| East Berlin:
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Since 1990 [edit]
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Arrangement [edit]
The six Berlin police directorates.
Berlin Police force is headed past the Police President and divided into 4 principal directorates:[11]
- Berlin Law Directorate
- Criminal Investigation Department
- Police Academy
- Central Services Directorate
Berlin Law Advisers [edit]
Berlin Police Directorate is divided into five local directorates (Direktion), one Division Operations/Traffic Direction and ane Divison Cardinal Special Services.
Local directorates [edit]
Each local directorate is responsible for one to iii Berliner districts:
- Direktion 1: Reinickendorf, Pankow[12]
- Direktion ii: Spandau, Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Mitte West[xiii]
- Direktion 3: Marzahn-Hellersdorf, Treptow-Köpenick, Lichtenberg[xiv]
- Direktion iv: Tempelhof-Schöneberg, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Neukölln[fifteen]
- Direktion v: Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Neukölln, Mitte East[16]
Berlin police Sonderwagen BE1 armored vehicle (2017).
Each Direktion had several police stations ("Abschnitte", all in all 38) where the patrol car staff (Schutzpolizei/Schupo) is located. Other sub departments of a Direktion are (not all listed):
- Referat Verbrechensbekämpfung - detective branch (Kriminalpolizei/Kripo) and plainclothes units of the Schupo.
- Referat Zentrale Aufgaben - key services:
- Verkehrsdienst - traffic police force
- Direktionshundertschaft - a company of special constabulary
- Diensthundführer - K9
Other divisions [edit]
The Divsion Operations/Traffic Management has the following subbranches:
- Bereitschaftspolizei (BePo) – Uniformed units (two battalions, each with 4 companies and an engineer unit) that provide boosted manpower for the Schupo, natural disasters, sporting events, traffic control or demonstrations (riot/oversupply command).
- Wasserschutzpolizei (WSP) – The river police force for patrolling rivers, lakes, and harbours.
- Zentraler Verkehrsdienst – The traffic police with many sub departments for (just examples): Honor escorts during state visits, Autobahnpolizei (highway constabulary), tracing of vehicles without insurance or known drivers without a license, specialized units for the controlling of vehicles with hazardous materials,
- Diensthundführer – K9
- Polizeihubschrauberstaffel Berlin (PHuSt Exist) – The Berlin Police run an Eurocopter EC135 helicopter together with the Bundespolizeipräsidium Berlin.
The Division Central Special Services has the following subbranches:
- Objektschutz – The Berlin Constabulary has a special co-operative for the guarding of buildings, especially embassies or scout over and ship convicts. These non-sworn officers are employees with express police authorisation. They are armed and wear the aforementioned uniform as the Schupo but different rank insignia.
- Gefangenenwesen – Custody
Criminal Investigation Department [edit]
The Criminal Investigation Department (Landeskriminalamt - LKA)[17] is responsible for investigating the nigh serious crimes (exclusive tasks of the LKA similar crimes against the constitution, organised crime, youth gangs or political motivated crime) and works closely with the 6 local directorates. The LKA supervises police operations aimed at preventing and investigating criminal offences, and coordinates investigations involving more than one Direktion.
A police double-decker in blue-argent livery (2014).
A Berlin constabulary boat (2014).
Dedicated to the LKA:
- Spezialeinsatzkommando (SEK) - The SWAT teams of the High german country police force.
- Mobiles Einsatzkommando (MEK) - The MEKs are plainclothes teams of the LKA with special tasks like mentioned above and special manhunt units
- Personenschutzkommando – Personal security plainclothes unit, protecting politicians and VIPs
Police Academy [edit]
The general teaching and training are in charge through the police academy in Berlin.
Cardinal Services Directorate [edit]
The Cardinal Services Directorate is responsible for all administrative and logistical support, like financial services, HR, facility direction or ICT.
Workforce [edit]
Policemen and women (2014).
- 17,041 police officers in uniform and obviously clothes (2017)[1]
- two,526 security guards, prison house-officers and staff in other police-enforcement related areas (2017)[ane]
- two,778 administrative staff, including direction and clerical staff, technical staff and scientists of diverse disciplines (2017)[1]
- two,808 apprentices and trainees (2017)[1]
- 2,500 vehicles (2017)[1]
- 1.545 Billion Euro annual upkeep (2019)[2]
See as well [edit]
- Babylon Berlin
- Politics in Berlin
- List of law enforcement agencies in Germany
- Law enforcement in Frg
- Landespolizei (German state police force forces)
- Stadtpolizei (German municipal police forces)
References [edit]
- ^ a b c d e f "Barbara Slowik ist Berlins neue Polizeipräsidentin".
- ^ a b "2018/2019 Band iv - Einzelplan 05".
- ^ a b c d Burleigh, Michael (2001). The Third Reich : a new history. London: Pan. ISBN0-330-48757-4. OCLC 59532149.
- ^ "Emil Eichhorn". Spartacus Educational . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .
- ^ Bowlby, Chris (1986). "Blutmai 1929: Police, Parties and Proletarians in a Berlin Confrontation". The Historical Journal. 29 (i): 137–158. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00018653. ISSN 0018-246X.
- ^ a b c d "German Police in the Nazi State". encyclopedia.ushmm.org . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .
- ^ Williams, Max (2001). Reinhard Heydrich: The Biography: Volume one, Ulric, p. 77.
- ^ Taylor, Fred (2006). The Berlin Wall : a world divided, 1961-1989 (1st U.Due south. ed.). New York: HarperCollins. ISBN978-0-06-078613-seven. OCLC 76481596.
- ^ (in German language) Infos and cursory history of Berlin Police Archived January 22, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in German) Freiwilliger Polizeidienst Berlin website
- ^ https://www.berlin.de/polizei/_assets/dienststellen/organigramm-polizei-berlin-2020-09-fourteen-englisch.pdf[ bare URL PDF ]
- ^ (in High german) Polizeidirektion i Archived January 16, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in German) Polizeidirektion 2 Archived Jan 21, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in German) Polizeidirektion 6 Archived January 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in German) Polizeidirektion 4 Archived January one, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in High german) Polizeidirektion 5 Archived Jan 16, 2012, at the Wayback Automobile
- ^ (in German) Landeskriminalamt Berlin Archived January 16, 2012, at the Wayback Automobile
External links [edit]
- (in German) Berlin Police official website
- Berlin Law logo (from De.wiki)
- Berlin: Metropolis of criminal offence 1918 - 1933 Part 1, Part 2 (warning: graphic depiction of murder and other violence), a Deutsche Welle English language goggle box documentary discussing advances in constabulary methods and forensic applied science, corruption in the constabulary force, and selected investigations in Berlin during the early interwar period.
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